INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL DETERMINANTS ON HEALTH OUTCOME OF RURAL COMMUNITIES: A STUDY OF EZZAMGBO COMMUNITY EBONYI STATE

Abstract

This study investigates the influence of social determinants on the health outcomes of rural populations, focusing on the Ezzamgbo community in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Social determinants such as education, income, housing, sanitation, and access to healthcare significantly shape health outcomes in underserved communities. The research employed a cross-sectional mixed-methods approach, incorporating quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews to explore how these factors affect both chronic and communicable diseases. Findings revealed that limited healthcare access, poor housing conditions, low educational attainment, and inadequate social support contribute to high rates of illnesses, including hypertension, malaria, and respiratory infections. In particular, barriers such as long travel distances, high treatment costs, and cultural reliance on traditional medicine were highlighted. The study underscores the urgent need for multi-sectoral interventions to improve healthcare infrastructure, health literacy, and living conditions in rural communities. The results offer practical insights for health policymakers aiming to reduce health disparities and promote equity in rural Nigeria.